n.2 Sir Thomas, geb. c. 1433,
Wortley, Yorkshire, England, oorl. 09/08/1514, begr. Saint
Helen Cemetery Hemsworth, ,
Metropolitan Borough of Wakefield, West Yorkshire, England x 31/03/1463
met Catherine FITZWILLIAM, geb. c. 1447, oorl. 1474, d.v. Sir William
Fitzwilliam van Sprotborough and Emley en Elizabeth Chaworth xx 04/06/1479 met Joan BALDERSTON (wed.
van Thomas Langton en Sir John Pilkington), will dated 02/01/1497, begr. Nun’s Quire at
Monkton, d.v. William Balderston of Balderston, Lancashire
en Margaret Stanley Sy skei van hom in 1488 en raak ‘n non xxx 23/05/1491, (by dispensation) met Elizabeth
FITZWILLIAM, d.v. Sir Richard
Fitzwilliam of Aldwark en Elizabeth Clarell.
Thomas was die seun van Nicolaas Wortley en Isabella Tunstall.
(Foster,
Joseph: Pedigrees of the County Families
of Yorkshire, Vol. 2, West Riding. London. 1874)
Konings gedurende die leeftyd van Sir Thomas Wortley was: Koning Edward
IV (r.1461-1483); Koning Edward V
(r. 9 Apr 1483 - 26 Jun 1483 – nooit gekroon); Koning Richard III (r.1483-1485); Koning Henry VII (r.1485-1509) en Koning Henry VIII (r.1509-1547). Henry VII was ook bekend as Henry Tudor. Hy was die eerste Tudor koning. Die slag van Bosworth in 1485 het die einde
van die Wars of the Roses
beteken. Henry VII was ‘n slim man wat
vasberade was om sy troon te behou. Hy
het ingesien dat die ryk en magtige baronne van Engeland ‘n probleem vir hom
kon wees. Hierdie baronne het hulle eie
weermagte gehad wat hulle gedurende die Wars
of the Roses aan die familie wat die meeste betaal het, uitgehuur het. Dus was hulle nie lojaal teenoor enige kant
nie. Hy het besef dat hy hulle sou moes
beheer. Anders as sy voorgangers, het hy
na sy finansiële omstandighede omgesien, aangesien hy geweet het dat ‘n ryk
koning, ‘n magtige koning was, en ‘n arm koning ‘n swak koning was. Met baie geld kon hy ook sy weermag uitbrei
en sou hy so meer magtig in die baronne se oë wees. Hy het geglo dat alleen dit hulle lojaal sou
hou. (History learning site. Henry VII)
Die Chancery het geleidelik 'n distinct court in die 15de
eeu geword, waar die Lord Chancellor regstellingsprogramme kon verskaf, vir diegene
wat nie onder die streng reëls van die common
law kon verkry nie. Teen die laat 15 of vroeë 16de eeu, was die King's Bench en Chancery in teenoorgestelde hoeke in die suidelike kant van
Westminster Hall gehou. (http://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/building/palace/westminsterhall/government-and-administration/early-law-courts/)Op 31 Maart 1463 trou Sir Thomas met Catherine
FITZWILLIAM.
FitzWilliam Of Emley and
later Sprotborough. Chief stewards to the lords of Conisbrough from the time of
Sir William FitzWilliam (d>1218) who married Ela de Warrene [daughter
of Hamelyn Plantagenet of Conisbrough]. William
Fitzwilliam, Knt. of Sprotborough, Yorkshire, son and heir, married Elizabeth
Chaworth, daughter of Thomas Aylesbury, Knt.
They had one son, William, Knt and two daughters, Isabel and Katherine
(wife of Thomas Wortley. (Richardson, Douglas: Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and
Medieval Families, 2nd Edition) Arms: Lozengy, argent and gules (Heraldry of some Yorkshire Families)
(Foster, Joseph, Hon.
M.A. Oxon: Some feudal coats of arms,
London, 1902)
(Best, Charles, ed.: The
visitations of Yorkshire in the years 1563 and 1564, made by William Flower,
esquire, Norroy king of arms. London. 1881. P.124-125)
Op 4 Junie 1479 trou Sir Thomas met Joan Balderston.
This family (Osbaldeston), bearing the name of
their estate, ranks amongst the oldest in Lancashire. They entered at all the visitations, and only
disappeared from the territorial gentry in the last century, when the estates
were purchased by the Warren family. The
family of Balderston was an early
offshoot of this stock, the name being assumed from the adjacent manor of
Balderstone, inherited by them. The
Osbaldestons of Sunderland branched off in the middle of the sixteenth century,
and had a canton gules assigned to them in their arms as a distinction by
Dugdale in 1664. The Visitation of 1613
assigns to the Osbaldistons thirteen quarters, the first five of which are
recorded in that of 1567, viz. Osbaldeston Molyneux, Keverdale, Derwyne, and
Balderston. (Benolt,
Thomas, ed.: The Visitation of
Lancashire and a Part of Cheshire: 1533 Part 1.
M.DCCC.LXXVI. P. 101)
Following his wife Elizabeth’s death, John
Pilkington, Knt. married in 1464 Joan (or Jane) Balderston, daughter and
co-heiress of William Balderston of Balderston, Lancashire, by his 2nd
wife, Margaret Stanley. William Balderston
died without male heirs. The Balderston
girls jointly inherited their father’s legacy and pass it on to their
husbands. John Pilkington died in
1478. His widow, Joan, married Thomas
Wortley, Knt, from whom she was divorced.
(Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and
Medieval Families, 2nd Edition ... By Douglas Richardson)
Ailsius de Osbaldeston, c. 1149, Osbaldeston,
Blackburn, Lancashire x Wimara NN
I
I I
Hugh Osbaldeston William de Balderstone, c. 1177
I
Richard de Balderstone, c. 1208
I
William de Balderstone, c. 1239
I
William de Balderstone, c. 1270
X Alice de Keuerdale
I
William de Balderstone, c. 1301
X Johanna
NN
I
Richard de Balderstone, c. 1328
X
Agnes Molyneau
I
William Balderstone, c. 1360
X Constance Banastre
I
Richard Balderstone, c. 1405
X Joan Harrington
I
Richard, c. 1414 William,
c. 1427 X Ellin x Elizabeth Isabel x
1.
Elizabeth Gerard Thomas Rad- x John Osbal- Sir William
2. Margaret Stanley cliff deston Atherton
I
Joann x William,
c. 1432 Isabella x
1. Sir Ralph Langton Sir Robert
Harrington
2. Sir John
Pilkington
3. Sir Thomas Wortley
Sir Thomas trou vir 'n derde maal met Elizabeth Fitzwilliam.
Fitzwilliam of Aldwark. Richard Fitzwilliam, Knight of Wadworth,
Yorkshire, and in right of his wife, of Aldwarke, Birkby and Haldenby,
Yorkshire and hereditary patron of Austin Friars, Tickhill, Sheriff of
Yorkshire. He married before 1448 to Elizabeth Clarell, daughter and co-heiress
of Thomas Clarell of Aldwark by Elizabeth Scrope. They had 7 sons (Thomas, Esq; Edmund;
Richard; Edward; Humphrey; Humphrey, a cleric; & George m. Cecily Wortley dau
of William Wortley born at Rotherham Yorkshire ) & 5 daughters (Katherine,
wife of Sir John Skipwith; Margaret, wife of Ralph Reresby, Esq; Anne, wife of
Sir William Mirfield; Elizabeth, wife of Sir Thomas Wortley; & Isabel, wife
of William Wentworth, Esq.). Sir Richard
Fitzwilliam died September, 1479. Elizabeth died May 1503. Elizabeth was buried next to her husband at
Tickhill friary where her Clarell ancestors were also buried.
(Clarell of Tickhill Castle) There is a
window in the Parish Church at Ecclesfield which heraldically records Sir
Richard and Dame Elizabeth, together with their eleven children and the spouses
of those of them who married. It is there because Aldwark in those days was
part of the parish of Ecclesfeld even though it was a detached part some six
miles distant from the parish church. (Reburial in Fitzwilliam Tomb – Tickhill and
District local tickhillhistorysociety) Elizabeth=U.S. President's 13-Great Aunt.
Poss. HRH Charles's 16-Great Aunt.
Jamie's 15-Great Aunt. (Jamie
Allen's Family Tree & Ancient Genealogical Allegations Version 55)
(Grazebrook, H.
Sydney, Esq, ed.: The visitation of
Staffordshire, made by Robert Glover, Al's Somerset Herald, Mareschall to
William Flower, Al's Norry Kinge of Armes, Anno D'ni 1583. London.
1883. P.76.)
(Best, Charles, ed.: The
visitations of Yorkshire in the years 1563 and 1564 made by William Flower,
esquire, Norroy king of arms. London
1881. P.128)The Wortley family, although they started as an ecclesiastical position, would shed their focus away from the church as a means to power and focus more on winning a seat in Parliament. They were already forming their “empire” in the north. They owned the lands and would be the leading power to go to if a person needed protection or aid. They were not harsh in their rulings, as far as can be found in documents, and provided jobs to farmers to work the lands. This genteel attitude would change however with Sir Thomas. (ttps://udspace.udel.edu/bitstream/handle/19716/17153/Worthley%2C%20Nicole.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y)
Thomas Wortley is gedurende die leeftyd van die eerste magtige Earl of Shrewsbury, wie se aktiewe
militêre loopbaan hoofsaaklik in Hallamshire was, gebore. (Hunter, Joseph: The History and Topography of the Parish of
Sheffield : with Historical and Descriptive Notices of the Parishes of
Ecclesfield, Hansworth, Treeton and Whiston, and of the Chapelry of Bradfield.
London. 1819) Growing up during a very violent period for any rich family, he would have learned how to be ruthless. (https://udspace.udel.edu/bitstream/handle/19716/17153/Worthley%2C%20Nicole.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y)
The Wars of the Roses (22 May 1455 – 16 June 1487) defined how social attitudes in English government would operate for the next hundred years. The war, as the Yorks and Lancasters were fighting each other, showed that it was very important who you aligned with. It was during this time that if you happened to be aligned with the losing side at any point, your head was on the chopping block. While the earls were fighting in the war, it left open the opportunity for many families to make their way into the good graces of one side or the other. (https://udspace.udel.edu/bitstream/handle/19716/17153/Worthley%2C%20Nicole.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y)
Thomas was ‘n edelman en ridder, en as sulks, lyfwag van vier konings,
Edward IV (r.1461-1483), Richard III (r.
1483-1485), Henry VII (r.1485-1509) en
Henry VIII (r.1509-1547). Die koninklike
dienaars is deur die Koning gekies, uit die manne wat die naaste aan hom was. Hulle was dus howelinge "par excellence". Sir
Thomas Wortley rose to fame as a trusted “knight of the king’s body”. (Hey, David:
A History of the Peak district Moors) Esquires
of the Body should be attendant upon the king's person, to array and unray him,
and to watch day and night to be ready to help the King because no man else is
to set hands on the king. Hierdie
posisie was as 'n groot eer beskou omdat dit intieme en gereelde toegang tot
die koning verseker het. Teen die tyd
van Henry VIII, was die houers van hierdie posisie gewoonlik ridders wat
geregtig was op die hulp van ‘n page
en twee esquires.(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esquire_of_the_Body) "Knights
of the Body" were bodyguards to the monarch, though the title was
apparently more honorific than actual. As with "Master of the Horse,"
other persons of lower status were paid to do the actual work associated with
the title, while the titleholder enjoyed the prestige that came with the honor.
(http://queryblog.tudorhistory.org/2009/05/question-from-stefanie-knight-of-body.html)
Having to play his cards right during the Wars of the Roses and during the Tudor reign would have been extremely difficult especially as he moved from king to king. He would have had to prove his loyalty and tread lightly with his views and watch who he talked to at risk of being executed. He would also have picked up how to be cunning and to know who to play in order to help himself. Belonging to a family trying to survive and thrive during the War of the Roses where families are killing each other, it was in Sir Thomas’ best interest to have been as violent as he was. (https://udspace.udel.edu/bitstream/handle/19716/17153/Worthley%2C%20Nicole.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y)
Thomas het sy koninklike meesters in hulle oorloë gedien en was baie aanpasbaar by sy
omstandighede. He appears to have moved seamlessly
from being a retainer of King Richard the Third, of the House of York to assume
the same position under King Richard’s arch enemy, Henry Tudor of the House of
Lancaster, who became King Henry the Seventh after defeating the Yorkists at
the battle of Bodsworth - where King Richard the Third was killed (1485) and
the War-of-the-Roses came to an end. (Newton, Richard: Wortley through the
ages. The History of the Long Term
Development of the Landscape Surrounding Wortley Hall from the End of the Ice
Age to the Modern Period.)
It is an incredible act for someone to serve under four kings in succession, but it speaks volumes that he was able to serve during such a volatile period. While working under these four kings, he was a steward of the royal castle of Middleham, Kimberworth, Fountains, Nostell, and Monk Bretton Abbeys. He was also a High Sherriff of Yorkshire and served the kings in the Wars. (https://udspace.udel.edu/bitstream/handle/19716/17153/Worthley%2C%20Nicole.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y)
Thomas Wortley het
uitstekende politieke vaardighede gehad. Sir Thomas did serve them with great credite in their wares,
having great government in this commonwealthe, being as it may appeare in great
trust with the said kings; for as yet ther remaineth a great number of letters
in the house Wortley, which were sent by the aforesaid kinges the said Sir
Thomas, sealled with their private signatures; the which letters were for the
exsecusion of theire lawes, musters, collections, and commissions with other
and divers services of great truste and credit as the only man in these parts. And
also had of the said princes gyft the stewardship of Midlame Castell, withall
thinges thereunto belonginge with the puttiuge in of all the officers into the
said Castell. And also he had and was steward of Kimberworth with all the
commodates therunto belonginge. (Burke, John Bernard: A
Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Extinct and Dormant Baronetcies of
England (1844), 582)
1449: Wortley Thomas. Collector
of a tax in the West Riding of Yorkshire.
(Calendar
of the fine rolls vol. XVIII Henry VI. A.D. 1445-1452. London 1939. P. 129)
Thomas Wortley trou op 31/03/1463 met Catherine Fitzwilliam, die dogter van Sir William Fitzwilliam van
Sprotborough
and Emley, en sy vrou Elizabeth Chaworth.
Sir Nicholas made a contract on 31.3.1463, that his son and heir – then
about 25 years old, should marry Catherine FitzWilliam. Sir Nicholas, granting by the contract that
the Manor of Hemsworth and other estates to the issue of his daughter in
law. (Geneanet) Isabel,
‘n ander dogter van Sir William FitzWilliam trou met Richard Wentworth of
Bretton, die voorouer van Matthew Wentworth wat met Dorothy die dogter van
Richard Charlesworth of Totties, getroud is.
Koning Edward IV het Frankryk in 1475 met ‘n groot weermag
binnegeval. Thomas Wortley was deel van
hierdie weermag in Frankryk. Op 29 Augustus
1475 is die Treaty of Picquigny
tussen Engeland en Frankryk gesluit. Die
samesprekings het tot ‘n sewe jaar vredesverdrag en vry handel tussen die twee
lande gelei.
Richard Wentworth of Everton,
esquire, die eienaar van die manor
en hall van West Bretton gee aan
William Fitz-William, of Sprotborough, and Nicholas Fitz-William esquires, his whole manor of West Bretton and manors of Bulcliffe and
Cumberworth, with appurtenances in West Bretton, Bulcliffe, Cumberworth, Little
Bretton, Darton, Clayton, High Hoyland, Ingburchworth, Fryth, Carhouse, North
Elmsall, Staynton, Wickersley and Rotherham.
Die landgoed in Bretton het tot 2 Februarie, 15 Edward 4 (1476) in
die hande van die twee FitzWilliams en hulle erfgename gebly, toe William
FitzWilliam, lord of Sprotborough, as ergenaam van sy vader
dit aan John Bretton en Thomas Mooke oorgedra het, wat dit weer op 8 Februarie aan John Conyers, Robert
Constable, William Evers, en Robert Rythers, knights, William Gascoin William Fitz-William, John
FitzWilliam, seun en erfgenaam van William, Thomas Fitzwilliam of Aldwark,
Henry Sotehill, en John sy seun en erfgenaam, Thomas Wortley van Wortley, en
Nicholas sy seun en erfgenaam, George Hopton of Swillington, John Woodruffe,
John Fitz-William of Adwick, John Everingham of Birkin, John Nevil, Thomas
Lacy, John Sotehill junior, Richard Peck en John Kaye, esquires, William
Wortley, Hugh Wombwell, Robert Barnby, en John sy seun en erfgenaam, Ralph
Barnby, en William Staynton, gentlemen, oorgedra
het. Op dieselfde dag is dieselfde
persele deur Bretton en Mooke oorgedra aan Richard, Duke of Gloucester, George, Earl
of Shrewsbury, William FitzWilliam, John, sy seun en erfgenaam, William
Hopton, Henry Sotehill, en John, sy seun en erfgenaam Thomas Wortley, en Nicholas,
sy seun en erfgenaam, en John Woodruffe, esquires.
(The first Brettons. http://www.bretton.org/the_first_brettons.htm)
On the same day Richard Wentworth, describes as of
Bretton, esq., gave to the Duke of Gloucester, the Earl of Shrewsbury, Sir
Gilbert Talbot, Sir James Harrington, Sir John Conyers, and Sir John
Pilkington, Knights, William Hopton, Thomas Wortley, John Everingham, John
Wombwell senior, William Wortley, and Thomas Hopton esquires, all his goods and
chattels, moveable and immoveable, wheresoever they are found,with power to
dipose of them as they please, without
any hinderance from him or his executors. (The first Brettons. http://www.bretton.org/the_first_brettons.htm)
In
the area that Wortley manor resided was the Talbot family, and during the War
of Roses their only heir to the land was five years old and did not reside in
the area which provided the Wortleys with the opening they needed.
(https://udspace.udel.edu/bitstream/handle/19716/17153/Worthley%2C%20Nicole.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y)
Die twee opvolgende Earls of
Shrewsbury, John Talbot II en III, was
betrokke in die Wars of the Roses (1455-1487)
en hulle opvolger George Talbot, het die titel in 1473 bekom. Omdat hy vyf jaar oud was en nie by Sheffield
gewoon het voor die jaar 1500 nie, was daar geleentheid vir ‘n Wortley om die
plek in te neem wat gewoonlik aan ‘n Talbot behoort het. Op 6 Desember1473 is Thomas Wortley aangewys
as Steward of Hallamshire and Worksop,
Nottinghamshire, gedurende die
minderjarigheid van George Talbot, die 4de Earl of Shrewsbury. Hence,
it is said by the author of the illuminated Wortley pedigree, which was drawn
out in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, that Sir Thomas Wortley was "the only
man in these parts.” (Hunter, Joseph: The History and Topography of the Parish of
Sheffield : with Historical and Descriptive Notices of the Parishes of
Ecclesfield, Hansworth, Treeton and Whiston, and of the Chapelry of Bradfield.
London. 1819) A steward is an official who is appointed by the
legal ruling monarch to represent them in a country, and may have a mandate to
govern it in their name; in the latter case, it roughly corresponds with the
position of governor or deputy. It was also a term used to refer to the chief
servant of a landed estate . (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steward_(office)
Sir Thomas Wortley was steward van die koninklike Castle of Middleham in the county of North Yorkshire, ook van Kimberworth Abbey, Fountains Abbeyin North
Yorkshire, Nostell Abbeyin Wakefield,
West Yorkshire en Monk Bretton Abbey in South Yorkshire, waaruit
hy jaarlikse fooie ontvang het.
Bo links: Middleham Castle; Bo regs: Fountains Abbey
Onder links: Nostell Priory; Onder regs: Monk Bretton Priory.
Sommige ryk grondeienaars het die alledaagse lewe as onbenullig gesien. Richard (Lord of the North) het
daarin belang gestel. Die gebruik van fishgarths het veroorsaak dat te veel
vis (veral salm) in die riviere gevang
is. Fishgarths were traps made from
wicker and were put in the rivers to trap salmon and what started of small and
the Abbeys were the worst offenders had started to use bigger traps. Mettertyd
het dit moeilik geraak om bote op die riviere te navigeer en dit was al
moeiliker vir arm mense om vis te vang as kos vir hulle families. In 1475 het die Parliament wette neergelê wat
bepaal het dat alle fishgarths uit die riviere verwyder moes word en die
magistrates kon enigiemand beboed wat fishgarths
op hulle eiendom gehad het. Die ryk
mense van die noorde was baie ongelukkig hieroor, maar Richard het hiervoor
gepleit. Die koning het beveel dat alle
onwettige fishgarths verwyder moes
word. In 1479 het Richard en sy drie
verteenwoordigers alle fishgarths, in
die Ouse die Aire en die Wharf verwyder, but
in doing this had angered many that were landowners and abbeys. (The Scottish Campaign) In
1484 Thomas Wortley held two fishgarths
on the Ouse between York and Yorkfleet. (girders.net – Wortley, Sir Thomas,
(d.1514)
In 1479 trou Thomas Wortley vir ‘n tweede keer met Joan,
die weduwee van Sir John Pikington, die dogter en mede erfgenaam van William
Balderston of Balderston, Lancashire en Margaret Stanley.
Die Balderston erfenis was baie werd.
It consisted of the hereditary
bailiwicks of Blackburn and Amounderness.
A bailiwick was simply the jurisdiction of a bailiff, and so by their
marriages, their husbands had garnered the right to appoint the bailiffs in two
of the six hundreds in Lancashire, a vast area covering a third of the county,
and all the rights that went with the offices. Bailiships came with the
financially lucrative rights to collect rents, fees, fines and confiscations,
but also with the power associated with patronage, appointments, arbitration
and dictating the terms of leases. So
laat as November 1480, amper twintig jaar nadat Robert Harrington met Isabel
Balderston getrou het, het Stanley hom nogsteeds verhoed om sy regte uit te
oefen.
A warrant was issued at that time repeating the earlier demands. Na John Pilkington se dood het Joan
Balderston met Thomas Wortley getrou. Thomas Wortley, het saam met Robert Harrington
probeer om hulle vroue se erflating te kry.
Again the king ordered Stanlye to
seize what belonged to Harrington, in order to give it back to him; the convenient fiction that it wasn’t Stanley
robing Harrington was maintained for the purposes of protocol; Edward R.
To oure trusty and welbeloved lord Stanley, Receiver of oure countie
palatine of Lancastre, Sir George Sharpe and Hugh Garside deputie receivers, to
seize into oure hands all the lands tenements etc and other possessions of
Richard Balderston bailiff in fee of Blackbournshire and Amoundernesse. And if you have received eny rentes or
profits of them, the same rentes, offices and profits so taken ye fairly doo
content and paie oure trusty and welbeloved knight Robert Harrington and Thomas
Wortley Bailiffs in fee … suffering them peaceably to have and enjoy the same
according to their right withoute let or interruption of you or eny of you or
to your behove unto the tyme that ye have otherwise from us in commandment …
not failing herof as ye entende to please us and as ye must answerre unto ys at
youre peril. Nog ‘n warrant ‘n paar
maande later gee mens ‘n idee van die mag van die bailiffs, en ook die
finansiële aansporing vir die koning om die dispuut uit te klaar. Edward
R. To oure trusty and welbeloved Robert Harrington and Thomas Wortley knights
and bailiffs in fee of Blackbourneshire and Amoundernesse in the Countie of
Lancastre Greetyng. (Hipshonk David: Richard III and the Death of Chivalry)
In the middle of the fifteenth century, Oxspring
was the inheritance of William de Oxspring, with whose name the unusual
addition of I’squire is generally found. I find him conveying his lands in
trust to various persons in 30 Henry VI. the first-named being sir John Talbot,
son and heir of the earl of Shrewsbury, whence it is probable that he might be
an esquire to one of the knights of that noble family, especially since we find
him described as ‘‘of Sheffield” in two or three charters. The other trustees
were Christopher Dronsfield, Thomas de Wortley (afterwards sir Thomas Wortley),
John, rector of Darfield, and Nicholas Greve ; and the lands lay in Oxspring,
Birchworth, Cudworth, Brereley, Darton, Thurlston, and Cathill. (https://huddersfield.exposed/api/content/books/ocr/17984/)
Vir die grootste gedeelte van die 1470’s was verhoudinge tussen die
Engelse en die Skotse krone beleefd. Die
verbreking van die wapenstilstilstand deur beide partye het gelei tot openlike
oorlogvoering. Edward delegated command to his youngest
brother Richard, Duke of Gloucester, (later King Richard III) who was by now
the greatest magnate in northern England. (Reflections of the Yorkist Realm)
In 1482 het Thomas Wortley ridderskap ontvang by Richard in Scotland. In the summer of 1482 Gloucester invaded
Scotland at the head of a vast army. (Reflections of the Yorkist Realm) Bannerets
and Knights made by Richard, duke of Gloucester, in Scotland at Hoton Field
beside Berwick (castle) at the surrendering of Berwick to the English, which took
place on the 24th Aug., 1482. Thomas Wortley. (Shaw, Wm. A.: The
Knights of England. A Complete Record
from the Earliest Time to the Present Day of the Knights of all the Orders of
Chivalry in England, Scotland, and Ireland, and of Knights Bachelors.)
Koning Edward IV is op 9 April 1483 na ‘n kort siekbed van ongeveer tien
dae dood. On 17 Apr 1483, Sir Thomas
Wortley was present at the moving of Edward’s body to Westminster Abbey and
thence to Syon. (girders.net –
Wortley, Sir Thomas, (d.1514) Sir Thomas Molineux was Attorney-General and one of
the Privy Council of Edward IV. He was
among the “good lordes, knights, and esquiers” who attended the obsequies of
that monarch at Windsor in April, 1483. On
the 17th of that month, relates an eye-witness quoted in Holinshed, the corpse
of the King was conveyed into the Abbey at Westminster, borne by divers knights
and esquires, namely, Sir Gilbert Stanley, Sir John Savage, Sir Thomas Wortley,
Sir Thomas Molyneux, Sir John Welles, John Cheny, and others; having upon the corpse a rich and large black
cloth of gold, with a cross of white cloth of gold; and above that a rich
canopy of cloth imperial, fringed with gold and blue silk, borne by Sir Thomas
Seyntley, Sir William Parr, Controller, Sir John Asteley, and Sir William
Stonor, Knights; and at every corner a banner; and the Lord Howard bore the
King's banner next before the corpse; the officers of arms standing about them.
The body was then placed in a “worthy herse,” preceded by a great procession.
The Lord Howard, the King's Bannerer, riding next before the fore-horse, bearing
the King's banner upon a courser trapped with black cloth, with divers
escutcheons of the King's arms, with his mourning hood upon his head. In above
order they proceeded to Syon that night, where, at the church door, the Bishop
“censed the corps,” which was then borne into the choir; and in the morning in
like manner to Windsor, where at Eton the Bishop of Lincoln, the Bishop of Ely,
and the College met and “censed the corps,” and so proceeded to the Castle
gate, and thence to the new church. In the evening, they of the College said
the whole Psalter; and there was a great watch at night, by great lords,
knights, esquires of the body, and others; among them being the Lord Burgoyne,
the Lord Audley, the Lord Morley, the Lord Lisle, the Lord Howard, the Lord
Wells, the Lord Delawar, the Lord Fitzhugh, the Lord Cobham, Sir John of
Arundell, Sir Thomas Bonser, of Berneys, Sir Thomas St. Leger, Sir Gilbert
Debenham, Sir Henry Ferrers, Sir John Savage, Sir Gilbert Stanley, Sir Thomas
Wortley, Sir Thomas Molyneux, Sir William Parker, and Sir William Stonor. (Molineux
gallery)
13th to 16th centuries, Westminster Abbey. (http://www.westminster-abbey.org/our-history/abbey-history)
Koning Edward IV het ten tye van sy dood twee oorlewende seuns, Edward V
of England en Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke
of York gehad. Die uitdrukking "The Princes in the Tower" verwys na
hulle.
Richard, Duke of Gloucester, het kort na Edward IV se dood sy bid vir mag van stapel gestuur.
About the middle of May Glucester set about neutralising the power and
influence of the Wydevilles and their allies.
Kent was an obvious target. At
first, the only Wydeville associate to suffer confiscation of his lands was
Richard Haunte of Ightham Mote (High Sheriff
of Kent). On 14 May Gloucester
ordered one of his northern knights, Sir Thomas Wortley, to seize Haunte’s
residence. (Later Medieval Kent, 1220-1540) edited by Sheila Sweetinburgh)
Foto: Ightham Mote. (http://www.britainexpress.com/attractions.htm?attraction=283)
Then 12 and 9 years old, they "The Princes in
the Tower" were lodged (19 May 1483) in the Tower of London by the man
appointed to look after them, their uncle, the Lord Protector: Richard, Duke of Gloucester. This was supposed
to be in preparation for Edward's coronation as king. However, Richard took the
throne for himself and the boys disappeared. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princes_in_the_Tower) Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of
Buckingham, die eggenoot van Catherine Woodville, (skoonsuster van Edward IV)
was een van die hoof verdagtes in die verdwyning (en moord) van die Princes in die Tower. Buckingham het
Richard se aanspraak op die troon ondersteun.
Op 26 Jun 1483 is Sir Thomas ‘n commission of the peace (justice of the
peace) vir West Riding. Koning Richard III is op 6 Julie 1483 gekroon. Sir Thomas was teenwoordig met hierdie
kroning. On 6 July 1483, The Duke and Duchess of Gloucester were crowned King
and Queen of England. Richard and Anne shared a joint coronation. Not since the
days of Edward II and Isabel of France had England seen such a magnificent
event. The coronation day began at 7 am with a procession on foot from
Westminster Hall to the Abbey.
The
banquet, which took place at four o clock in the great hall, is described as
having been magnificent in the extreme. The guests consisted of the cardinal
archbishop the lord chancellor, the prelates, the judges, and nobles of the
land, and the Lord Mayor, and principal citizens of London. (The coronation
of King Richard and Queen Anne)
[1483.] Account for "betyng and gylding of forty trumpetts banners, beten
with the kyng's armes." Coronation
liveries for William Herte the younger and Edmond Trumpet, mynstrals ; John
Hert, William Hert the elder, William Mayhue, James Hylle, Thomas Freman,
William Wright, Edward Scarlet, Robert Trumpett, William Scarlet, John Bulson,
John Browne, John Marshall, John Talbot, Henry Swan, Watkyn, Palvyn, William
Davy, William Scarlet the younger, Rauf Hubert, William Wortley, Richard
Dalamare, Henry Gyles, and Janyn, taberetts and trumpetts. (Deufontaine, Henry Cart, M.S. ed.: The King’s musick. A transcript of records relating to music and
Musicians (1460-1700), London)
From 1189 to 1821,
Westminster Hall was the traditional venue for coronation banquets honouring
newly-crowned monarchs. The earliest recorded being those of Prince Henry
(crowned in the lifetime of his father, Henry II) in 1170 and of Richard the
Lionheart in 1189. (http://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/building/palace/westminsterhall/other-uses/coronation-banquets/)
12 Oktober 1483
(Habershon, Matthew Henry: Chapeltown
researches, archaeological and historical including old-time memories of
Thorncliffe, its ironworks andcollieries, and their ntecedents. London 1893.
https://archive.org/stream/cu31924028079618#page/n41/mode/2up)
Die sheriff of Staffordshire was Nicholas Montgomery van Cubley,
Derbyshire, wat aangestel was op 5 November 1482. He was opgevolg deur Sir Thomas Wortley van
Sheffield. Na afloop van die ontering en
onthoofding van Henry Duke of Buckingham
op 2 November 1483, het die Crown die stewardship van sy Staffordshire lordships en gronde aan Thomas Wortley, een van die knights of the body, verleen. (Midgley, L. Margaret, ed.: 'Castle Church', in A History of the County
of Stafford: Volume 5, East Cuttlestone Hundred, (London, 1959), pp. 82-100. http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/staffs/vol5/pp82-100) After
Henry Stafford the second Duke of Buckingham had been seised and put to death,
(1483) the office of " bailiff of Stafford Grene" was granted to Robert
Wortley for life; that of the office of keeper of the park of Stafford to
Thomas Belle for life; whilst grant was made to Thomas Wortley, Knight of the Royal
body, of the important office of Steward of the lands of the late Duke in
Staffordshire generally, as also of Master of the Hunt there for life. (Collections for a history of
Staffordshire) Op 6 Nov 1483 het Sir
Thomas Wortley Sheriff of Staffordshire
geword.
Staffordshire, or Stafford, an inland county;
bounded, on the NW, by Cheshire; on the NE, by Derbyshire; on the E, by
Derbyshire and Leicestershire; on the SE, by Warwickshire; on the S, by
Worcestershire; on the W, by Salop. Its outline is somewhat ellipsoidal, with
the longer axis extending N and S. Its boundary line, along part of the NW, is
the river Dane; along the NE, is the river Dove; along most of the E, is the
rivers Dove, Trent, and Tame; along small part of the W, is the river Tern; and
along most other parts, is entirely artificial. Its greatest length is 54
miles; its greatest breadth is 35 miles; its circuit is about 210 miles; and
its area is 728,468 acres. (Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales.
John Marius Wilson. 1870-72) a place called
the "Grene near Stafford." (Map:
Staffordshire. 1814 John Cary in Cary's Traveller's Companion) .
Dodworth's
Yorkshire Notes - The Wapentake of Agbrigg (1884)
Teen Desember was Sir Thomas Knight of the Body van Derbyshire.
5 Dec.1483 On a commission of the peace for
Derbyshire.
10 Dec. 1483. On a commission to enquire which persons had
committed treason in Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire.
Op 6 Mar 1484 was Sir Thomas Wortley as Steward of the lordships of Scaresdale en die dorp Chesterfield
aangewys.
Op 7 Mar 1484 is die manors in
Staffordshire en Kent aan hom toegeken.
On 1 May 1484 en 8 Dec 1484. Thomas was on commissions of array for
Derbyshire and Staffordshire. Op 12
Des was hy op ‘n commission of the peace
for Derbyshire.
On June 8, 1485, Joan, late wife of John Houselay
of Chapel hall, par. Ecclcsfield, confirms to the archbishop of York lands
called u Cropperfeld, Holgrenes, Welgrenes, le Felde, and Gallancroft, within Houselay and Chapell, which she and her husband held of the grant of Sir
Thomas Wortley, Knt. On June 12, 1488,
Nicholas Wortley quit-claims to the archbishop his interest in the same
property. ("Testamenta eboracensia or wills registered
at York: illustrative of the ..." http://archive.org/stream/testamentaebora00socigoog/testamentaebora00socigoog_djvu.txt)
Op 8 Julie 1484 was Thomas en Joan Wortley in beheer van sekere manors en rents van Sir John Pilkington gedurende die minderjarigheid van
Edward Pilkington.
Die huwelik van die heiress of
Wadsley met die house of Everingham was
ongeveer in die tyd van Richard III with
whom the Everinghams and their neighbour Sir Thomas Wortley were in high
favour. It is by no means improbable
that (king) Richard visited these two knightly families during his sojourn (vertoef) at Sandal castle. (Hunter, Joseph: The History and Topography of the Parish of
Sheffield : with Historical and Descriptive Notices of the Parishes of
Ecclesfield, Hansworth, Treeton and Whiston, and of the Chapelry of Bradfield.
London. 1819) Sandal Castle is a medieval castle in Sandal Magna, a suburb of the
city of Wakefield in West Yorkshire, overlooking the River Calder. Richard III chose Sandal Castle as a northern
base and ordered some significant investments. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandal_Castle)
Die dorp Calais, nou deel van Frankryk, was in
Engelse hande van 1347 tot 1558. Commands were over the castle of Calais, the
town, the march and its outlying castles; command was often divided, and
deputies frequently appointed for commanders who might be absent. Calais was deel van die Koninkryk van
Engeland, naamlik die Engelse bridgehead
gebied tussen die County van Artois en
County van Vlaandere. (Wikipedia)
The approaches to Calais, wat
‘n hawe aan die kus is, is beskerm deur twee binnelandse kastele, Guines aan
die suid-ooste en Hammes (Hampnes,
Hammez) in die huidige commune of
Hames-Boucres in die suid weste. (Wikipedia)
Mei 1485 was Sir Thomas Wortley aangestel as Lieutenant of Hammes. 22
Aug. He was in Hammes toe Koning Henry VII op 22 Augustus 1485 koning van
Engeland geword het. Map showing the March of Calais in 1477.
Henry VII het die troon verower toe sy magte Richard III by die Slag van
Bosworth Field verslaan het. Hy was die
laaste koning van Engeland wat sy troon deur oorlogvoering gewen het.
(http://britishheritage.com/honors-due-a-king-the-reburial-of-richard-iii/)
Henry VII het op 22 Augustus 1485 die kroon met die slag van Bosworth
gewen en het gevrees dat daar persoonlike geweld teen hom gepleeg sal word. Beide die koning, sowel as sy Council het verraad gevrees en daarom
het hy op die dag van sy kroning op 30 Oktober 1485 ‘n Body Guard gevorm, wat hom dag en nag moes beskerm. He had formed his Body Guard of the Yeomen
of the Guard and they made their first appearance at the coronation. (Preston, Thomas: The Yeomen of the Guard. Their history from 1485-1885)
(http://www.mocavo.com/Notes-and-Queries-July-December-1854-Volume-10/153058/477
1485. 11 Oct.
General pardon to Nicholas Wortley of Sheffield, co. York, esq.,
&c. Pat. P.1. m. 16 (20). (Campbell,
William, ed.: Materials for a History of
the Reign of Henry VII: From Original Documents)
Sir Thomas was die mees gevierde van die Wortleys, "a knight for the King's body" of Henry VII., a favourite,
a recipient of estates under attainter, and a man who made some small noise in
his day and generation. Among other notable things, Sir Thomas and Joan his
wife, widow of Sir John Pylkington, Knight, obtained a pardon in 1486 (8 Feb) for
all offences committed by them before that date, and from all the penalties
attending thereto. ((“Old Yorkshire”
http://www.forgottenbooks.com/readbook_text/Old_Yorkshire_1000750367/205)
4 May 1486
Mandate to the treasurer and barons of the Exchequer to acquit and
discharge Thomas Worteley, knt., late sheriff of the county of Stafford, Thomas
Morley of Grantham, co. Linc., esq. and John Peynter of the city of York, esq.
from the payment of 40l., forfeited by them under a recognizance, for which
process of attachment has issued against them out of the Exchequer. The above-mentioned Wortley, late sheriff,
Morley and Peynter entered into a recognizance of 4ol before the barons of the
Exchequer, 28 Nov., 1 Ric. III. (Campbell, William, ed.: Materials for a History of the Reign of Henry
VII: From Original Documents)
18 Aug 1886.
Commission to Richard Tunstall and Thomas Wortley, knts., to admit into
the king’s grace and administer the oaths of allegiance to James Haryngton,
Robert Middleton, Thomas Broughton, John Hudelston and Robert Haryngton,
knights, and Richard Middelton, Henry Hodelston, William Thornburgh, Geoffrey Frank,
William Ambrose, and George Middelton, esquires, and to take sureties for their
good behaviour, and to deliver patents of pardon to them. (Campbell,
William, ed.: Materials for a History of
the Reign of Henry VII: From Original Documents)
Sir Thomas was twee keer High Sheriff of Yorkshire. The
High Sheriff is the oldest secular office under the Crown and the principal law
enforcement officer in the county (Wikipedia)
Een keer in 6 Henry VII (1486) en een keer in 17 Henry VII (1502) en ‘n
magtige man van aansien in sy omgewing. (Hey,
David: A History of the Peak district
Moors)
1487. Thomas Wortley, knight, and others, confirm unto Nicolas Freschevile,
sone of Peter Freschevile, of Staveley, Esq. deceased divers lands in Staveley
and Netherthorp, Chesterfield, and Hansworth-Woodhouse, which lands he had by
the feoffment of the said Peter Freschevile to houid to the said Nicolas and
his heires male of his body, and in default of such issue, to Raph his brother,
and in default of Raphes issue, to Anker, another brother, and his issue, and
in default of such issue, then to John Freschevile, the elder brother of the
said Nicolas, Raphe, and Anker, and to his issue male, and in default of such
issue, the said lands to be sould and disposed of pro salute animarun diet arum
pair is et filiorum et antecessorum suorum, 3 Hen. VII. (Pedigree of the Frecheville and Musard
families – Collectanea topographica genealigica)
1488 "Re-grant from Sir Thos.
Wortteley, knt., Nicholas Gausell, John Sanford, esqs., Nicholas Worrteley,
brother of Sir Thomas, Nicholas Serleby, jun., Roger Eyre, jun., and John
Skyres, gentilmen, and Richard Witehed, chaplain, to Nicholas Fretchevyle
[Frecheville], son of Peter Fretchvyle [Frecheville], of Staveley, of houses
and lands in Staveley and Chestrefeld, Hannesworth Wodhouse, and Hertell [co.
York.], (held by them as feoffees of said Peter), with remainder (i) to Ralph
Fretchevyle [Frecheville], brother of the said Nicholas; (2) to Anker his
brother; (3) to John, elder brother of the said Nicholas, Ralph, and Anker; and
(4) to be sold and disposed of for the souls of the said Peter and his family.
With power of attorney to John Bothe of Staveley, sen., and Richard Whitehede
of the same, to give seisin. Witn. Thomas Hellgate of Chestrefeld, John Rodes
of Nederthorp, Thomas Robyn of the same, etc. Dat. 19 May, 3 Hen. VII. [1488].
(Add. 40151.)" (Isaac Herbert Jeaves for Sir Henry Howe Bemrose,
Descriptive catalogue of Derbyshire charters in public and private libraries
and muniment rooms (London: Bemrose & Sons, 1906)
Met die dood van Richard Wentworth of Bretton was Sir Thomas een van die
supervisors van sy boedel. Richard Wentworth of Bretton, Esq, made his
will at Westbretton on the 3rd of October 1488.
He appoints Richard Wodroue, amery burdhede, Mathew Wentworth his son
and heir, Ralph Bumby and John Page his executors and William Fitzwilliam and
Thomas Wortley knights his supervisors.
Joan Balderston was deur Sir Thomas verwerp repudiated. Sy skei van hom
in 1488 en raak ‘n non. By
commission granted by Archbishop Rotherham, of York, on the l0th September,
1488, she was veiled by William, Bishop of Dromore. She vowed herself to celibacy, requesting in
her will of January 1498 that her funeral effigy at Nun Monkton should show her
in her habit ‘holding my hand upon my breast with my ring upon my finger’. (Oxford DNB) Her
Will, dated 2nd January, 12 Henry VIII (1497), directs that her body be buried
in the " Nun's Quire " at Monkton, in her habit, and that her moiety
of her father's estate shall pass to her paternal relatives in a manner
carefully set forth — her son Edward being then dead. (John Pilkington. History of the Pilkington
family of Lancashire and its branches, from 1066 to 1600)
Op 23/05/1491 trou Sir Thomas het vir ‘n derde keer. Hierdie keer met die dogter van Sir Richard Fitzwillam of Aldwark, wat die weduwee van John Fitzwillam of Sprotbro was. (Hunter, Joseph: The History and Topography of the Parish of Sheffield : with Historical and Descriptive Notices of the Parishes of Ecclesfield, Hansworth, Treeton and Whiston, and of the Chapelry of Bradfield. London. 1819) May 23. Dispensation for Sir Thomas Wortley and Elizabeth Fitzwilliam to marry. Twice related in 3rd degree. Issued by Julian, cardinal-bishop of Ostia, August 7th, 6th Innocent VIII (Raine, James, Clay, John William: Testamenta Eboracensia, Or Wills Registered at York: 1395-1491, Surtees Society)
Feoffment. 2 Des 1491. Reference: SpSt/71/7/a. Held by: Sheffield Archives. Description: Robert Barneby of Barneby, knight, of the first part, and Thomas Wortley, knight, Ralph Dudworth, knight, Richard Hunter, Edward Barneby, chaplain, and William Barneby, son of Robert Barneby, all of the second part.
Manor of Barneby, with all appurtenances; the manor
of Midop, with all appurtenances in Midop; one messuage in Thurleston in the
tenure of John Ellys; one messuage in Thurleston in the occupation of John
Wordesworth; one messuage in Burghwales now in the occupation of John Turner;
one messuage in Almondbury in the tenure of Oliver Beaumont; 8 acres arable
land in Sutton near Campsall now in the tenure of Thomas Arness; 8 acres arable
land in Sutton, in the tenure of Robert Strynger; 11 acres of arable land in
Sutton in the tenure of Edward Smyth; a rent of 6d. from Thomas Sutton for his
lands in Sutton; rent of 8d. from Edward Dale for his lands in Sutton; rent of
23d from Roger Newsam for his lands in Sutton; rent of 14d. from William Gollen
for his lands in Sutton; rent of 21d. from Edward Smyth for his lands in
Sutton; rent of 21d. from William Gascoigne for his lands in Sutton; rent of
2/8d. from John Paycock for his lands in Sutton; rent of 4/- from Robert Hecon
for his lands in Sutton; 1 messuage in Calthorne in the tenure of John Hobson;
1 close called West Rowlay, in Cathorne in the tenure of Richard Adde; one
close in Calthorne in the tenure of William Walton; 1 messuage in the town of
Bargh in the tenure of Thomas Pleas. Witnesses: John Rokley of Rokley, knight, Nicholas
Burdett, knight, Hugh an Chaplain, William Mosselay, William Champnay.
26 Maart 1494
(Lyte, H C Maxwell, ed.: 'Deeds: C.2401 - C.2500', in A Descriptive
Catalogue of Ancient Deeds: Volume 2, (London, 1894), pp. 516-526)
(Walker,
John William (Ed.): Abstracts of the
Chartularies of the Priory of Monkbretton)
(Walker, John William (Ed.): Abstracts of the Chartularies of the Priory of Monkbretton)
In 10 Henry VII. (1495) an "inquisitio"
of John Waterton shows that he held the Manor of Cawthorne of the king, as of
the Honour of Pontefract, Robert being his son and heir. At a Court held by John Waterton, Knight,
Oct. 14th, 20 Edward IV. the following were free tenants of Cawthorne George Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury; the
Prioress of Kirklees; Sir John Sayvile; Sir Thomas Wortley; Thomas Boswell of
Ardsley, Esq. Richard Wentworth, Esq;
Sir William Darcy; Robert Rockley, Esq Edward Goldsborough, Esq; Richard
Everingham, Esq.; Edmund Dudley and Matilda his wife; Richard Crawshaw, Robert
Barnby, and others. (http://midgleywebpages.com/chap03.html)
Yorkshire Fines dateer uit 1486 toe die enigste ander algemene manier vir die oordrag van eiendomsgrond
die charter of feoffment was. Die charter of feoffment het nie die groot voordeel wat 'n fine (wat ‘n rekord was en dus altyd beskikbaar was
as bewys wanneer 'n feoffment verlore of vernietig was), gehad het nie. Fines is dus baie algemeen met die oordrag van
eiendom gebruik. (British history
online)
Yorkshire Fines - 1495
John Vauasour and William Bell
|
Robert Hyllyard, kt., Peter Hyllyard, esq.,
John Sauell, kt., Thomas Fitz
William, kt., and Thomas Wortley, kt.
|
Manor of Welbroke and a mill and 3 messuages with lands in Trumpflete,
Mosse, Fenwyk, Norton, and
Smeton.
|
Feet of Fines of the Tudor Period [Yorks]: Part 1, 1486-1571. Originally
published by Yorkshire Archeological Society, Leeds, 1887. Pages 1-14
Ebor. (Ebor is die afkorting van die Latynse Eboracum, die vroeë naam van York in Brittanje) – Thomas Wortley, John Woderove, Armiger, and
two others sued John Wentworth, late of Elmesalle, Armiger (In die
heraldiek, is 'n Armiger 'n persoon wat geregtig is om 'n coat of arms te gebruik), and two others for lands, etc., in
Hymmesworth and Acworthe. (Pedigrees
from the Plea Rolls collected from the pleadings in the various courts of law
A.D. 1200 to 1500 from the original rolls in the public record office by Major-General
the Hon. G. Wrottesley.)
Tourn held at Barnsley. 17th October. Thomas Wortley (xxd.), Knight; Richard Woodruffe (xijd.), Esquire; and divers others, who owe suit to this tourn (or court), came by their attorneys, and arranged their fines separately with the lord; the aforesaid suit is to be relaxed to them, in manner and form, &c. 12th Hen VII.
Tourn held at Barnsley, 3rd October. Thomas Wortley (xxd.), Knt, Richard Woodruffe, Knt, and others, who owe suit to this court, came here by their attorneys, and arranged their fines separately with the lord; the aforesaid suit is to be relaxed to them in manner and form before noted. 13th Hen. VII.
(Jackson, Rowland: The town and township of Barnsley in Yorkshire from an early period, London 1858.)
1498 "Peter Frechevile, Esq.
enfeoffed Thomas Wortley, knight, Rafe Frechevile, of Darley, gent. and Anker
Frechevile, of Hanley, gent. (and others) in divers landes in Hyncursel, neare
Staveley, to the use of Perys his bastard Sonne: and he wills that Anker his
sonne shall have the governance of ye sayd Perys his bastard sonne. If his
bastard son dy, the landes to remayne to Rafe Frechevile, his son, &c. Dat.
13 Hen VII." (Collectanea Topographica et Genealogica, Vol. 4 (London:
John Bowyer Nichols and Son, 1837), 205, F. Madden, "Pedigree of the
Frecheville and Musard Families, Lords of Crich and Staveley, in
Derbyshire", citing Ex Cartulis orig. penes Joh. Freschevile de Staveley,
1645, among Holles's Collectan. MS Lansd 207 f. p 141)
Wat ons tot op hierdie stadium van die familie af weet kom hoofsaaklik
uit grondtransaksies en nadoodse ondersoeke. Na 1500 het daar baie meer inligting
beskikbaar begin raak. Nog 'n belangrike verandering was die wyse waarop
Engeland regeer governed is. Die courts
of law en die tax-raising
organisations het meer doeltreffende geraak en 'n groter verskeidenheid van
rekords is bewaar. (http://www.towneley.org.uk/downloads/TTv4_web.pdf)
1504—EASTER TERM, 19 HENRY VII.
Henry Carnebull, clerk, and Thomas Wortley, kt.
|
Benedict Lee and Isabel his wife, daughter and heir of Richard Clarell
|
Messuage with lands in Hooton Underhagh, near Connysborowe, and Kyrkbramwyth, and
free fishing in the water of the Don in Kyrkbramwyth.
|
(Collins, Francis, ed.: 'Yorkshire Fines: 1500-1505', in Feet of
Fines of the Tudor Period [Yorks]: Part 1, 1486-1571, (Leeds, 1887), pp. 14-20)
1504–5—HILARY TERM, 20 HENRY VII.
George, Earl of Salop, Henry Barnbull, clerk, and Thomas Wortley, kt.
|
Robert Wodhall, son and heir of Thomas Wodhall
|
Messuage with lands in Wentworth in the parish of Wath, which Christopher
Daltonand Ann his wife hold for the term ofAnn's life.
|
(Collins, Francis, ed.: Yorkshire Fines: 1500-1505', in Feet of Fines
of the Tudor Period [Yorks]: Part 1, 1486-1571, (Leeds, 1887), pp. 14-20)
In 1505-8 that part
of the Upper Derwent Valley around Crookhill that lay within the Duchy of
Lancaster included the booth at Rowsley alias Ronkesley, while the pastures at
Ashop, Crymylkarre, Chappelleghside, Pedderhadgge, Obholmes and Feircholmes,
Alport were Tenanted by Sir Thomas Wortley of Wortley Hall, across the border
in South Yorkshire. These wealthy
graziers kept flocks of up to 400 sheep to provide wool for commercial markets. (Hey, David: A history of the peak district moors.
Barnsley 2014. P. 49)
Thomas Wortley was bevriend met Thomas Rotherham. A
parchment at Wortley Hall evidences that, while the High Chancellor of King
Edward IV., Archbishop Rotheram, was building his college at Rotherham, he, for
the most part, was the guest of his friend Sir Thomas Wortley, and that it was
in 1481, the year after the King's Chancellor was made Archbishop of York, that
he founded that college in the town of his nativity. (Habershon, Matthew
Henry: Chapeltown researches,
archaeological and historical; including old-time memories of Thorncliff, its
ironworks and collieries and their antecedents.
Sheffield. 1893) Archbishop
Scott, whilst building his college at Rotherham and the church, was his frequent
guest, as well as Archbishop Savage; and divers noble youths were consigned to
his pare and training, according to the custom of the time, before undertaking
the management of their own estates.
(Hunter, Joseph: The History and
Topography of the Parish of Sheffield : with Historical and Descriptive Notices
of the Parishes of Ecclesfield, Hansworth, Treeton and Whiston, and of the
Chapelry of Bradfield. London. 1819)
The family abode in this district next in importance to the hall at
Tankersley and the mansions of the Mounteneys, would be, in the 15th and 16th
centuries, Howsley Hall, which in the reign of Edward IV. was the property of
that monarch's chancellor, Thomas, son of Sir Thomas Rotheram and Arch- bishop
of York, the worthy and illustrious prelate, who was born at Rotherham, who
founded a college there, and who rebuilt the church. In his will, dated 1498,
he says he bought for cxl. lib. the Barnes estate of Robert Shatton, and, of
Sir Thomas Wortley, Housley Hall, for cxx. lib. (Chapeltown researches, archaeological and historical; including
old-time memories of Thorncliff, its ironworks and collieries and their
antecedents Matthew Henry Habershon Sheffield 1893)
The John Howsley, who was alive in 1505, was married at Ecclesfield church by Archbishop Rotheram, and, by that friend of his bride's family, put in possession, as tenant, of Howsley Hall, which the Howsley’s had lost the hold of. Vicissitudes not now traceable caused the estate to pass into the hands of the Wortleys, and the Archbishop, as he mentions in his will bought It of Sir Thomas Wortley. (Chapeltown researches, archaeological and historical; including old-time memories of Thorncliff, its ironworks and collieries and their antecedents Matthew Henry Habershon Sheffield 1893)
(Habershon, Matthew Henry: Chapeltown
researches, archaeological and historical; including old-time memories of
Thorncliff, its ironworks and collieries and their antecedents. Sheffield.
1893)
In 1505 the name of John Howsley
appears, and a Thomas Howsley in 1532, but neither of these could be, at those
dates, in possession of the hall at Chapeltown, for the Archbishop died in
1500, and the Alice Scott to whom, by his bequest, John Scott, his cousin, it
descended, did not marry Thomas Howsley, of Howsley Hall, until May 14th, 1560.
How the estate, and at what date, passed into the possession of Sir Thomas
Wortley, of whom the Archbishop bought it, does not appear, but it is clear
that sixty-two years before the date of Archbishop Rotheram's will it was in
the possession of the Howsley family. (Chapeltown
researches, archaeological and historical; including old-time memories of
Thorncliff, its ironworks and collieries and their antecedents Matthew Henry
Habershon Sheffield 1893)
Sir Thomas Wortley van Wharnclifie, was beroemd onder Yorkshiremen vir
sy vaardigheid in archery and
hunting. He was much given to showting
in the long bowe, and many of his men were cuninge archiers, and in them he did
much delite. (Hunter, Joseph: The
History and Topography of the Parish of Sheffield : with Historical and Descriptive
Notices of the Parishes of Ecclesfield, Hansworth, Treeton and Whiston, and of
the Chapelry of Bradfield. London. 1819)
Henry VII.'s se begrafnis Mei 1509. Grooms of the Chamber: Edm. Wortley, Rob. Folyoll, Matth. Kerdeff, John Frye, John Hune, messenger. Knights: Sirs Th. Butteler, Piers Lee, Ric. Bold. Squires for the Body: John Laurance, Henry Faryngton.Gentleman-usher: Hamlett Haryngton. (Brewer, J.S. ed.: 'Henry VIII: May 1509, 1-14', in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 1, 1509-1514, (London, 1920), pp. 8-24)
Daar was verskeie uitgebreide deer-parks in Suid-Yorkshire in die Tudor tydperk (1485-1603). These were the property of
aristocrats and gentlemen who used them as a source both of both food and
amusement. One of these, at Kimberworth, was within the parish of Rotherham,
while there were others not far away, at Tankersley and at Wortley/Wharncliffe.
(Cooper, Stephen: Those was good
lads - a history of tudor Rotherham http://www.chivalryandwar.co.uk/Resource/TUDOR.pdf)
Sir Thomas se liefde vir jag het gemaak dat hy in 1510 ‘n jag lodge op
die kruin van Wharncliffe Crags gebou het.
(Hey, David: A history of the
Peak district moors) Wharncliffe Lodge, is seated on the
brow of a rocky cliff, rising from a precipitous and thickly-wooded acclivity
1800 acres in extent, at the base of which flows the river Don. (Samuel Lewis, ed.: 'Worplesdon - Wortwell', in A Topographical
Dictionary of England, (London, 1848), pp. 687-692) Die lodge het ‘n pragtige uitsig gehad. Sir
Thomas Wortley was sewentig jaar oud toe Wharncliffe Lodge gebou is. On one
of the highest peaks of these hills is a lodge built in the time of King Henry
VIII by Sir Thomas Wortley, for his pleasure to hear the harts bell, as an
inscription perfectly unique in its kind, cut on the face of the solid rock,
informs us. (Hunter, Joseph: The History and Topography of the Parish of
Sheffield : with Historical and Descriptive Notices of the Parishes of
Ecclesfield, Hansworth, Treeton and Whiston, and of the Chapelry of Bradfield.
London. 1819) It was he who built the Lodge on Wharncliffe Crags, where "he did
lye for the most part of the grease time," that he might hear the hart's
bell, or bellowing of the stag, at a certain season of the year. And it is
further related of this vigorous sportsman, that "he would go into the
Forest of the Peak, and set up ther his tent with great provision of vitales,
having in his company many worshipfull persones, with his owne familye, and
would remain ther vii. weeks — or more, huntinge and makynge other worthy
pastimes unto his companye." His breed of hounds too was so famous, that
the King of Scotland wrote to ask for some of them ; when Sir Thomas loyally sent
his Majesty ten couples, with his own huntsman, who remained eleven years with
the king. (Hunter, Joseph: The History and Topography of the Parish of
Sheffield : with Historical and Descriptive Notices of the Parishes of
Ecclesfield, Hansworth, Treeton and Whiston, and of the Chapelry of Bradfield.
London. 1819)
In ‘n inskripsie op ‘n rots is die naam van die Lord van die Wortley
Manor as Thomas Wryttelay aangeteken.
Pray for the saule of Thomas
Wryttelay, Knight
for the Kyngys bode
to Edward the forthe, Rychard therd, Hare the VII and Hare VIII.
hows saule God
pardon. Wyche Thomas cawsyd a loge to be made hon this crag ne mydys of
Wanclife, for his plesor to her the hartes bel, in the yere of owr Lord a
thousand CCCCCX. (The letters of Horace Walpole,
fourth earl of Orford (Volume 3)
The extraordinary scenery about and around the
Lodge is thus vividly described by a graphic writer, quoted by the historian of
South Yorkshire, and if we only consider as included the element of the
overpowering sense of solitude which the scenes inspire, the picture may be
taken as nearly perfect: - The ground
contiguous to the Lodge is a circular area that must ever have bade defiance to
cultivation and which no picturesque eye would wish to be otherwise. Grotesque old oaks, presenting amidst their
dark green foliage a black and leafless arm, or a bald and withered crown,
starting from amidst the low grey rocks, that seemed thrown around in the most
fantastic confusion; between whose
interstices the fern grew in tufts of unusual size and height, forming a mimic
wood beneath them; the whole
intermingled with the shining hollies as old as the oaks, and groups of deer as
wild as the roebucks. Over the house the
distant country united its purple tint with the horizon, and had we proceeded
no further we should have supposed the heathy outline was all the view it
commanded – a house humble as to its ixterior appearance, exceeding in grandeur
of situation the palaces of kings – placed on the very verge of a line of perpendicular
rocks, that sweep in circular pomp on either hand, and overhang a valley that
lies many hundred fathoms below – the sides of its grand amphitheatre clothed
with the richest mass of native woods that the kingdom presents. Below roll the dark waters of the Don,
enclosed by its rocky banks too far beneath and too much shadowed by the
overhanging woods to be seen from the heights above. It is in scenes like these that traditions
linger and superstitions are kept alive.
It is believed that the deer-park at Wharncliffe was once strewed with
innumerable bodies of persons who had perished in some great pestilence. This memory still haunts the wild “chase,”
and when sunset has burned itself out over the wilderness – “Dark red the
heaven above it glowed, Dark red beneath the waters flowed –“ and the twilight has fallen, an “uncanny”
atmosphere envelops this desert of the dead, and constitutes it in the eyes of
the neighbouring peasant an awesome region to be penetrated on no consideration
whatever. (Timbs,
John: Abbeys, Castles, and Ancient Halls
of England and Wales. Their legendary
lore and popular history. Vol 3. London. P. 232; 233 )
The Lodge Whamcliffe Crags near Sheffield. Die lodge
is al ‘n paar keer verander en het tydelik as ‘n familiewoning gedien.
The stables of Wharncliffe Lodge.
(Andy Hemingway. https://andyhemingway.wordpress.com/page/5/?app-download=windowsphone)
Die Chase was vergroot gedurende hierdie tyd
en Sir Thomas was blykbaar wreed met die uitvoering hiervan. The last was a scene of strife on several occasions,
for it was enlarged by the Wortley family, at the expense of the local
inhabitants, and they fought back. (Cooper, Stephen: Those was good lads - a history of tudor
Rotherham http://www.chivalryandwar.co.uk/Resource/TUDOR.pdf) Die grootste gedeelte van die inwoners
van die Wharncliffe dorpe, Stansfield en Whitley was huurders van die Wortleys
en hulle is deur 'n hofbevel verwyder van die grond af. Maar Stansfield het ook ‘n klein hoeveelheid
vrye eienaars gehad. Sir Thomas Wortley
het sy geld en die regstelsel gebruik om die oorhand teen hierdie vrye eienaars
te kry. Die twee klein dorpies is
gesloop en die grond is opgeneem in Wharncliffe Deer Chase. (Newton, Richard: Wortley through the ages. The History of the Long Term Development of
the Landscape Surrounding Wortley Hall from the End of the Ice Age to the
Modern Period.) … being a man of a great estate was owner of
a towne near unto him, only there were some freeholders in it, with whom he
wrangled and sued unt’ll he had beggared them and cast them out of their
inheritance and so the town was wholly his, which he pulled quite downe and
laid the buildings sand town-fields even as a common; wherin his main design
was to keep deer; and made a lodge to
which he came at the time of the year and lat there, taking great delight to
hear the deer bell. But it came to passé
that before he dyed he belled like a deer and was distracted. (Hunter, Joseph: The History and Topography of the Parish of
Sheffield : with Historical and Descriptive Notices of the Parishes of
Ecclesfield, Hansworth, Treeton and Whiston, and of the Chapelry of Bradfield.
London. 1819)
It is also said that in former ages a town, which
tradition names Stanfield, is said to have once stood near the top of
Wharncliffe moor, and the remains of the foundations of buildings have been
discovered and measured here. Querns
have been found, and the ruins of a house called Lady House. According to the fireside stories of the
district, it was Sir Thomas Wortley who demolished these human dwellings and
disfranchised the ancient freeholders, with the view of extending the limits of
his chase and producing a solitude for himself and the deer. The old knight is said to have allowed
neither life nor law to stand in the way of his “plesor to her the hartes
bel.: But his delight in hearing the
deer “bell” which tempted him to ruin many homesteads and make the indwellers
wanderers, led, according to tradition, to a sad result. It is said that before he died he became
distracted and bellowed like a deer.
Another story is that of an unhappy maniac who had wandered and perhaps
perished, in this wild solitude. He
reached Softley Crags and scrawled the following incoherences upon the rock: -
“O Dii! Dic mici, quo modo exeam: Seu
fame, seu frigore? O Amici, valete! Sub
vastis rupibus exeo.” As no traces or
remains other than these lines were found, however, it may be supposed that the
“maniac” – deranged, we suspect, only as of his Latinity – got safely out of
the desert into a more hospitable region, and had many years before him for the
cultivation of the classic tongue. (Timbs, John:
Abbeys, Castles, and Ancient Halls of England and Wales. Their legendary lore and popular
history. Vol 3. London. P.
233 ) He did not long enjoy his pleasure in this lodge. (Hunter,
Joseph: The History and Topography of
the Parish of Sheffield : with Historical and Descriptive Notices of the
Parishes of Ecclesfield, Hansworth, Treeton and Whiston, and of the Chapelry of
Bradfield. London. 1819)
1510. Sir Thomas Wortley, knight for the Body, and Sir Henry Clifford, jun.
Grant, in survivorship, of the lordship or manor of Kymberworth, Yorkshire,
forfeited by the attainder of George, Duke of Clarence, on surrender of patent
28 Aug., 3 Hen. VII., granting the same to the said Thomas alone. Del. Westm.,
12 May, 2 Hen. VIII. S.B. Pat. 2 Hen. VIII. p. 1, m. 4. [1043.] (Brewer, J.S., ed.: 'Henry VIII: May 1510', in Letters and
Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 1, 1509-1514, (London, 1920), pp. 281-298)
In die sestiende eeu, was die court inderdaad die setel
van die regering in Engeland.
Die koninklike huishouding is verdeel in twee departemente: household above stairs, called "the chamber", and household below stairs called the household proper. Laasgenoemde onder die toesig van die Lord Steward is styled domus providentiae, was gemoeid met die wesenlike en alledaagse noodsaaklikhede van die monarg en sy court soos kos, drank, beligting en brandstof. Die voormalige, domus magnificentiae, was die Lord Chamberlain´s se afdeling wat voorsiening gemaak het vir die persoonlike behoeftes van die sovereign met die oog op handhawing van sy princely waardigheid. Die boonste verdieping van die koninklike huis bestaan uit 'n groot saal en die chamber; die eersgenoemde is gebruik vir die monarch se formele en openbare besigheid en laasgenoemde vir sy private en persoonlike gebruik, in die geselskap van 'n paar intieme dienaars. Die Lord Chamberlain, the great officer sitting in the King´s chambre, was nie net die beampte in beheer van die household above stairs nie, hy was ook die belangrikste figuur in die hof. He was in charge of all court entertainments, he supervised distribution of lodgings in the palace, made arrangements for the king´s progresses, received the Ambassadors and other visitors to the court, and conducted them into the royal presense. Hy het 'n wit staf gedra wat die simbool van hierdie amp en gesag, wat hy soms vir meer tasbare doeleindes gebruik het, was. Hy is bygestaan deur 'n vice-chamberlain. Beide van hulle was ex-officio members van die privy council. Die chamber is later verdeel in 'n privy chamber (distinguished from bedchamber in 1559), en die outer chamber (often styled presence chamber), en die great hall . Die privy chamber was die mees invloedryke afdeling in die koninklike huishouding. It housed the king's "privy lodging", consisting of bedroom, library, study, and of course, the toilet. Originating in Henry VII's reign, the privy chamber developed through a slow and tortuous process of reform and reorganization during 1518/36. Teen die tyd dat Henry VIII die troon bestyg het, het dit baie "institutionalized". geword. It had a regular staff of its own, such as gentlemen, ushers, grooms, and pages. (http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/Documents/Tudor%20Royal%20Household.htm)
13 Dec 1510. Warrant to the Great Wardrobe for liveries to the King's chamber, viz., for Wm. Stondon, John Worteleye and 10 others (named), yeomen ushers, Th. Aphowell, Wm. Studdon, Rob. Hopkyns, John Santfortht and 69 others (named) yeomen, Wm. Compton, John Sharpe, Wm. Tyler, Wm. Gower, Chr. Rochester, Nic. Baker, Th. Compton, Alex. Staveley, Wm. Dawborne, James Worseleye, Peter Malmeseye, Rob. Litill, Wm. [C]roxston, John Pultneye and Jenkyn Vaughan, grooms, and John Sige[wyke], Henry Kam[eys], John Copinger, Piers [Cham]payne, Richard Cacc[hem]ewe, Thomas Carvanell, and Thomas Wolbaston, pages. Richmond, 13 Dec. 2 Hen. VIII.Signed. (Brewer, J.S. ed.: 'Henry VIII: December 1510', in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 1, 1509-1514, (London, 1920), pp. 360-369)
Tydens die bewind van Henry VIII, het die Corps bekend geword. Die
koning was trots op sy Guard, en in
die jaar 1510 het hy dit dubbeld versterk en ook 100 mounted mans bygevoeg, wat as 'n berede begeleiding in alle optogte
opgetree het. Vyftig van hulle was gewapen met 'n nuwe soort van arquebuss; en toe die koning in 1513 sy leër na Frankryk
gelei het is die Guard is tot 600 mans verhoog, waarvan die meeste boogskutters
was.
17 Julie 1511. Commissions of Array.
Yorkshire, West Riding.—Hen. earl of Northumberland,
Th. lord Darcy, Hen. lord Clyfford, Ric, Nevell lord Latymer, Will. Conyers
lord Hornby, Hen. Scrope Lord Bolton and Upsall, Sir Geo. Fitzhugh, Sir Edw.
Stanley, Sir Will. Gascoygne, Sir Th. Wortley, Sir John Everyngham, Sir Edw.
Savage, Sir Geo. Hastyngis, John Topelyff, Brian Palmes, Th. Fairfax, Ric.
Tempest. Ric. Malyverere, Roger Wombwell, Hen. Everyngham, John Pulleyn, Th.
Fitzwilliam, Ralph Reresby, and the sheriff. Knoll, same date. (Brewer,
J.S. ed.: 'Henry VIII: July 1511', in
Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 1, 1509-1514,
(London, 1920), pp. 435-448)
6 Augustus 1512. Commissions of Array. Yorkshire, West Riding.—Th. earl of Surrey,
Hen. earl of Northumberland, Th. lord Darcy, Henry lord Clifford, Ric. Nevell
lord Latemer, Wm. Conyers lord Hornby, Hen. Scrope lord Bolton and Upsall, Sir
Geo. Fitzhugh, Wm. Percy, Sir Edw. Stanley, Sir Wm. Gascoigne, Sir Th.
Worteley, Sir John Everyngham, Sir Edw. Savage, Sir Geo. Hastynges, John
Topclyff, Brian Palmes, Th. Fayrefax, Ric. Tempest, Ric. Malyvere, Roger
Wombwell, Hen. Everyngham, John Pulleyn, Th. Fitzwilliam, Ralph Reresby, and
the sheriff of Yorkshire. Croydon, 6 Aug.
(British history online. http://www.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol1/pp623-633)
1515. Indenture made at Pountefreit castle, 8 June 6 Hen. VIII., between John
Wortley, yeoman of the Crown, and Ric. Huxley of Denebyght, witnessing
Wortley's receipt of 529 sheaf of arrows of 9in. the feather and 38 sheaf of
7in. the feather to the King's use. Subscribed: Videtur per Daunce. (Brewer, J.S. ed.: 'Henry VIII: Miscellaneous, 1509-1514', in
Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 1, 1509-1514,
(London, 1920), pp. 1503-1532)
1516. Fees and annuities paid by the King.
To Yeomen of the Crown, granted by Henry VIII.—John Stanforde, John
Worteley, Th. Totheby, Wm. Stondon, John Trees, Wm. Pole, Roger Beke, Rob.
Nevell, John Rolte, John Clogge, Hugh Ap Howell, John Derston, John Parker,
John David, Simon Burton: all 6d. a day for life. (Brewer, J.S. ed.: 'Henry VIII: December 1516, 26-31', in
Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 2, 1515-1518,
(London, 1864), pp. 851-878)
Februarie 1512. William FitzWilliam. Livery of lands as s.
and h. of John FitzWilliam, as kinsman and heir of Sir William FitzWilliam,
father of the said John, and as one of the kinsmen and heirs of Matilda
Willoughby; and of lands which came into the King's hands on the deaths of
Elizabeth widow of the said Sir William, Elizabeth widow of Sir Thomas Worteley
and formerly wife of the said John, and of William FitzWilliam and Thomas
FitzWilliam, brothers of the said John. Westm., 8 Feb. 3 Hen. VIII. Del.
Westm., 18 Feb. P.S. Pat. 3 Hen. VIII. p. 2, m. 16. [3016.] (British history online. http://www.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol1/pp510-526)
1513. Minutes of Manor
Courts. Barnsley. William
Dodworth, 1 Esquire, defunct. The jurors say that the same William Dodworth, by
his charter, dated at Dodworth, the 7th Feb., in the 3rd year of the now King,
by the name of William Dodworth of Gawber Hall, in the parish of Darton,
Esquire, did enfeoffe Thomas Wortley, Knight, and Private Grants. Thomas
Wortley, his son and heir, and others, of and in one messuage, 40 acres of
land, 30 acres of meadow, 12 acres of pasture, and 4 acres of wood, with the
appurtenances, in Barnsley and Oldton." (Jackson, Roland: The history of the town and township of
Barnsley in Yorkshire from an early period. London. 1858)
Bastards
was 'n redelik algemene deel van die lewe in die vyftiende eeu. Baie families
onder die adel (nie net die koninklike familie nie), het bastard half broers gehad wat net so vooraanstaande, soos enige ander
lid van die regmatige lyn was. ‘n Bastard
was 'n kind wat buite die eg gebore is, of uit ‘n huwelik wat later as ongeldig
gevind te wees. (–MCO’R http://www.r3.org/on-line-library-text-essays/back-to-basics-for-newcomers/medieval-illegitimacy/) Dit sou afhang van die hertog of heer. As
'n eerbare man, sou die kind erken word. In daardie geval sou die edelman
bepalings vir die kind se toekoms maak. 'n Vakleerlingskap kon gereël word,
afhangende van die sosiale status van die moeder. ‘n Seuntjies kon opgelei word
as 'n soldaat, met die kans om self ridderskap te verwerf. Indien die lord nie
'n eerbare man was nie, was die kind afhanklik van die moeder se familie om
voorsiening te maak vir sy opvoeding. Sulke kinders het 'n veel harder lewe gelei.
Die stigma van 'n bastard sou die
kind volg, en die familie kon reël om die kind weg te stuur om vakleerlingskap
in een van die moeiliker, minder gesogte beroepe te verwerf. (https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20111104081351AA6p1JZ)
22 Junie 1514. Berwick. File of 22 warrants, signed by Lord Darcy, to
William Langton, treasurer of Berwick, to admit the bearers to wages as members
of the "crew" there, the dates ranging from 4 May to 22 June 6 Hen.
VIII. Mostly bald notes merely recording
the date and the names of the men. One is in the form of a letter dated at
Temple Newsom, 25 May, sending Percival Wortelay, "a bastard son of my
cousin, Sir Thomas Wortelaies," and desiring Langton to take charge of him
however unthrifty and drunken ye shall find him." (http://www.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol1/pp1297-1312
Sir Thomas sterf op 8
Augustus 1514. Onmiddellik na Sir Thomas se dood verskyn daar ‘n illustration of the Psalmist's maxim — Man
" heapeth up riches, but cannot tell who shall gather them." (Hunter,
Joseph: The History and Topography of
the Parish of Sheffield : with Historical and Descriptive Notices of the
Parishes of Ecclesfield, Hansworth, Treeton and Whiston, and of the Chapelry of
Bradfield. London. 1819) Sy enigste oorlewende seun was uit sy derde huwelik en ‘n dogter, Isabel uit sy eerste huwelik. Isabel het teen sy wense getrou en hy het
haar onterf en sy hele landgoed aan Thomas nagelaat. Sy het dit betwis en 25 jaar van regsgeding
het gevolg. Saam met sy seun Thomas het
hy vir John Wortley, the kynge's servaunt, en John se broers, Richard Wortley, Parson of
Hemsworth, en Hugh Wortley, sowel as William Boswell, sy suster se seun, as
erfgename uit sy boedel genoem. Hy
bewillig verder ‘n bedrag aan Percyvell
Wortley, gentilman, sy bastard seun.
Bastards was nie van minderwaardige status onder die wet
nie, maar omdat hy filius nullius
(die seun van niemand) was, kon hy, selfs al erken hulle hom as hul kind, nie
die erfgenaam van sy ouers wees nie. Hy
kon dus geen vaste eiendom erf nie. In the earlier Middle Ages an advantage of
this rule was that the illegitimate child of a villein did not inherit villein
status; he was accounted free. There was a rebuttable presumption at Common Law
that children born to a wife were fathered by the husband and were therefore
legitimate. Decisions as to legitimacy
often depended on the validity or otherwise of marriages. Matrimony being a sacrament
this was a question for the Church to decide. Vrae t.o.v. die erfenis van grond is deur die
sekulêre howe hanteer, m.a.w. twee stelsels van die reg het buite-egtelikheid gereguleer,
die wet van die Kerk (Canon Law) en
die wet van die county, wat in Engeland Common
Law was. Hierdie twee stelsels het soms gebots. The Common Law for example, stated that children born out of wedlock
could not be legitimated by the subsequent marriage of their parents; Canon Law
taught the opposite. Where a marriage was entered into in good faith but later
found to be invalid and declared void Canon Law said that the children born
before the nullity decree were legitimate. The Common Law held that a void
marriage was void for all time and all issue from it were bastards. To avoid
conflict the courts of Common Law would ask only whether X was born in or out
of wedlock (a question of fact), not whether X was legitimate or not. The
latter question would have to go to the Church courts and the Bishop’s answer
would be conclusive even though it would be contrary to Common Law principles.
(–MCO’R http://www.r3.org/on-line-library-text-essays/back-to-basics-for-newcomers/medieval-illegitimacy/)
THE WILL OF SIR THOMAS WORTLEY OF WORTLEY,
KNT. June 6, 1514. Thomas Wortley, knyght. To be buried in the
parich church of Hemmysworth, wher I am a parichinnar, afor the hie auter. I
will that my executors provyde an honest prest, of sade and honeste
conversacion, that is to say, Sir Roger Frikley, to singe and pray for my saule
within the said churche by the space of vij yeres, having for his salarie yerly vij marc. To John Wortley,+ the kynge's
servaunt, v li. To Richard Wortley, for vij yeres, every yere xxvj s. viij d.
To Hugh Wortley xx s. To William Boswell, my sistre's sonne, Iiij s. iiij d. I
woll that every on of my servauntes, beyng with me at the tyme of my deceas,
have halfe on yere wagis, over and abowe theyre dutie to them due at my dethe,
and to be farther rewardyd aftre the discrecion of my executors. The residue I
giff unto my sone Thomas ; my executors to delyver the same unto hym at his
full age of xxj yeres ; he then to dispose the same till his owne profite and
honor after his discrecion To Percyvell Wortley, gentilman, a yerly estate of
my measse & landes in Hymmysworth to the valor of xxvj s. viij d. for the
terme of his lyff, uppon this condicion, that he be of gud demeaner and behavor
as by discrecon of my executors shalbe thorogh and honeste. I will that all and
singler persons that nowe be or hereafter shalbe seassed to my use of & in
any other maners, landis, etc., shall stonde seassid of and in the same, to
perceyv th'issues of the same, untill my sonne Thomas be of the age of xxj
yeres ; they therwith to purchas landes, etc., & ordur the same to my
sonne, & make estate of the same to hym when he shall cum to his said age.
I make executors Thomas Wortley my sonne, Henry Everingham, Sir John
Everyingham clerke and parson of Sprotburgh, Sir Thomas Wentworth knyght, and
Eoberte Mowntney esquier. Witnes Sir Kauffe Witeffeld * parich prest of
Tankerley, Thomas Trigot esquier, and William Copley. (Testamenta Eboracensia; or, Wills Registered at
York)
His will was proved on the 12th of March 1514-5 waarin hy opdrag gee dat sy liggaam by Hemsworth begrawe
moet word. Dit was vir ‘n geruime tyd
die algemene begraafplaas vir die familie, maar sommige van hulle was in die chapel by Wortley begrawe. In
that chapel was an old monumental stone, the inscription of which has not been
preserved by any of our earlier collectors of church notes and of which Me.
Wilson could read only these words Pray for the unhaunted spirit of … a
departure from the usual simplicity of such inscriptions, bespeaking, if I am
not mistaken, the hand which inscribed the rock in Wharncliffe. (Hunter,
Joseph: The History and Topography of
the Parish of Sheffield: with Historical and Descriptive Notices of the
Parishes of Ecclesfield, Hansworth, Treeton and Whiston, and of the Chapelry of
Bradfield. London. 1819).
Dit is duidelik dat die Middeleeuse Wortleys ‘n verstandige en
welvarende familie was, wat goed gekyk het na die bewaring en uitbreiding van
hulle landgoede. Sir Thomas used can be seen as successful because of the amount of land that was acquired, although it was through less ethical means and it also allowed people to know the Wortley name, even though it was with a negative connotation. (https://udspace.udel.edu/bitstream/handle/19716/17153/Worthley%2C%20Nicole.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y)
Kinders:
1e huwelik:
o.1. Nicholas, geb. c. 1465, oorl. 31/03/1493 x 8 Henry 7 met Alice ASHTON, a widow, d.v. Sir John Ashton; Died without issue.
o.2. Mary, geb. c. 1467, in Wortley, Yorkshire, Engeland;
o3. Maud, geb. c. 1469, Wortley, Yorkshire, Engeland x 1492, Hawksworth, Otley, West Riding, Yorkshire, England met Thomas HAWKSWORTH of Hawksworth, geb. c. 1466, Hawksworth, Otley, West Riding, Yorkshire, England, s.v. Walter de Hawksworth and Alice Radcliffe.
o.4. Isabella, geb. c. 1471, Wortley, Yorkshire, Engeland x John TALBOT, oorl. voor 31 H 8, 3rd son of John Talbot of Bashall.
3de huwelik:
o.5. Thomas, Esq. geb. c. 1503, Wortley, Yorkshire, Engeland ,oorl. 11/04/1545 x 07/06/1522 (13 Hen 8) met Margaret SAVILLE, geb. c. 1504, in Thornhill Hall, Dewsbury, Yorkshire, England, oorl. 1541, d.v. Sir John Savile van Tankersley en Thornhill en Elizabeth Paston. (Margaret xx Okt 1546 met Sir Richard Corbet.)
Buite-egterlike kind:
Percival Wortelay, "a bastard son of my cousin, Sir Thomas Wortelaies," (British history online. http://www.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol1/pp1297-1312)
